ABSTRACT
Background-Burullus Lake has brackish water and agricultural, industrial and sewage drainage water represent the major inflows and it represents one of the most subjected lakes to serious pollutants at the delta's coastline. Mugil cephalus is one of the most important food fish species for the Egyptian people. This study was conducted to explain the effect of water pollution of both Qarun and Burullus Lakes on some biochemical and histological characteristics of mullet collected from both Lakes. Our results showed that water collected from Burullus Lake has higher levels of lead and cadmium than Qarun Lake. The liver function analysis showed that there were no significant differences between levels of GGT in M. cephalus livers collected from both Lakes. ALT and AST were significantly increased in livers of fishes collected from Qarun Lake than Burullus Lake, cholesterol, triglycerides, RF1, RF2, high density lipoproteins [HDL], low density lipoproteins [LDL] and very low density lipoproteins [VLDL] in muscles of the mullet collected from Burullus Lake were highly significant increase, while total proteins were significantly decreased in comparison with mullet of Qarun Lake. Histopathological investigations revealed that livers of mullet cached from both Lakes were suffered from marked area of hemorrhage, aggregates of hemosiderin granules and vacuolated hepatocytes. Ultrastructural observation showed degenerated and swelled cylindrical mitochondria in liver obtained from Burullus Lake with accumulation of lipid droplets and degenerated cytoplasmic organoids. Hepatocyte from Qarun Lake showed apoptotic nuclei, degenerated, swelled and cylindrical mitochondria, lipid droplets and dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum. Von Kupffer cells in liver of both lakes contained abundant lysosomes with corrugated walls and numerous cytoplasmic vacuoles. The kidney sections of mullet of both Lakes showed necrosis in the tubular epithelial lining with scattered apoptotic cells and interstitial inflammatory infiltrate
ABSTRACT
Background: Qarun and Burullus Lakes suffer from serious pollution problems owing to the enormous input of untreated agricultural, domestic and industrial effluents. This study was conducted to explain the effect of water pollution of these lakes on some physiological parameters of O. niloticus
Results: Showed clearly that water collected from both Qarun and Burullus Lakes were contaminated with high levels of lead and cadmium. The concentration of Pb and Cd in Lake Qarun [0.074 and 0.006 ppm respectively] were much lower than that of Burullus Lake [0.112 and 0.011ppm respectively]. The study showed that the rates of Pb bioaccumulations were increased significantly in the muscles of O. niloticus collected from Brurllues Lake than that of Qarun Lake. It can be seen also that there are insignificant differences of Cd concentrations in muscles of tilapians collected from both Lakes. Analysis of liver functions shwoed a highly significant increase in the level of ALT in O. niloticus liver collected from Brurllues Lake than tilapia'sb liver from Qarun Lake. Both AST and GGT levels were insignificantly changed in fishes collected from both Lakes [no change in the table]. Investigation of kidney functions of tilapias collected from Qarun and Burullus Lakes showed that urea concentration was significantly increased in kidney of Tilapia gathered from Burullus Lake [32.40 +/- 0.93 mg/dl] than those collected from Qarun Lake [28.80 +/- 0.73 mg/dl]. Creatinine concentrations were significantly increased in kidney of tilapias gathered from Burullus Lake than Qarun Lake. Cholesterol, Triglycerides, high density lipoproteins [HDL], low density lipoproteins [LDL], and very low density lipoproteins [VLDL] in the muscles of tilapians collected from Burllues Lake were highly significant increase while total proteins were significantly decreased in comparison with tilapians of Qaron Lake
ABSTRACT
Background: alterations in the level of hormones including thyroid hormones lead to physiological/ clinical abnormalities
Aim of work: this study aimed to illustrate the protective effect of Trigonella, Allium sativum or their mixture against hyperthyroidism induced by L-thyroxin in male albino rats
Materials and methods: thirty albino rats were divided randomly into five groups. Group A: healthy rats, Group B: normal rats were subcutaneously injected with 500 micro g/kg body weight L-thyroxin once daily for two weeks to induce hyperthyroidism, Group C: hyperthyroid rats received oral dose of 250 micro g/kg body weight/day Trigonella extract. Group D: hyperthyroid rats received oral dose of 250 micro g/kg body weight/day Allium sativum extract. Group E: hyperthyroid rats received mixture of Trigonella and Allium sativum extract. At the end of the experiment. Blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis
Results: Hyperthyroid rats had significant increase [P<0.05] in serum levels of triodothyronine [T[3]], thyroxin [T[4]], TG, VLDL,AST,ALP,BUN and uric acid as well as a significant decrease in TSH, LDL, HDL, LDL/HDL and TC, total protein and percentage of body weight change compared to the normal control group. Oral administration of these extracts ameliorated most of the tested parameters
Conclusion: This study concluded that Allium sativum,Trigonella or their mixture have a protective effect against hyperthyroidism
Subject(s)
Animals, Laboratory , Trigonella , Garlic , Rats , Protective Agents , Complex Mixtures , Plant Extracts , ThyroxineABSTRACT
Objectives: There is strong evidence that diabetes results a state of oxidative stress and that reactive oxygen species contribute to the production of insulin resistance, ?-cell dysfunction and both the microvascular and macrovascular long-term complications of diabetes. Antioxidants are used as supportive therapy in the treatment of DM, so, we use ozone and vitamin C to study if they can regulate the oxidative complications of DM
Material and method: twenty male adult albino rats were divided into two groups; group 1: control group, group 2: alloxan induced diabetic rats which divided into three subgroups. subgroup1: diabetic untreated rats, subgroup2: diabetic treated with ozone and subgroup 3: diabetic rats treated with vitamin C. After thirty days of treatment the body weight gain was detected. Blood sample were collected to1- estimate biochemical parameters as: glucose, serum insulin, lipid and protein profiles and liver and kidney functions 2- estimate some hematological parameters. Also, liver samples collected to determine their glycogen content and pancreatic samples were obtained for microscopic and quantitative evaluation
Results: in diabetic untreated rats the results showed reduction of gained body weight, hyperglycemia, and hypoinsulinemia, significant increase in liver and kidney functions and change in lipid and protein profiles and decreased liver glycogen content. While, O3 and vitamin C treated rats reported an amelioration of the most toxic effect of alloxan and returned most of these parameters nearly normal. Microscopically pancreatic beta cells showed definite vaculation, degeneration, karyolysis and pyknosis in the diabetic group while pancreatic alpha and delta cells were not affected. The use of O3 and vitamin C treatment in this study showed significant improves of such cellular changes when compared to diabetic untreated rats but still abnormal when compared with normal rats
Conclusion: it was recommended that the use of the O3 or vitamin C as a supplementary agent to reduce oxidative stress damage of hyperglycemia and recommended to use variable doses and different periods of treatment to evaluate the best dose and period
ABSTRACT
Background: noise is the most stressful factor for experimental animals. So these studies aim to clarify its effect on some physiological and histological parameters
Material and methods: 36 Female rats were divided into four groups [6/each]:1-control, 2-treated with sulpiride drug, 3- noise exposure [90db/3h per day for 30days], 4-noise + drug
Results: drug recorded no significant change in all the studied parameters. Noise stress recorded a significant increase in creatinine, total lipids, TG, Cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C and no significant changes in urea, uric acide. It has been detected that sulpiride drug ameliorated most of these parameters.Concerning the histological and histochemical studies sulpiride treatment showed no detectable changes in the kidney tissue with exception of increased lymphocytes. Exposure to noise showed many dystrophic changes in the kidney tissue, but drug treatment improved all the previous changes and this indicates the protective effect of sulpiride against noise exposure
Conclusion: it is useful to use sulpiride drug in people who exposed to noise stress
ABSTRACT
Background: noise is the most stressful factor and human being. So these studies aim to clarify its effect on some physiological and histological parameters
Material and methods: 24 Female rats were divided into four groups [6/each]:1-control, 2-treated with sulpiride drug, 3- noise exposure [90db/3h per day for 30days], 4-noise + drug
Results: drug recorded a significant increase only in the percentage of body weight gain but the other parameters showed no significant changes. Noise stress recorded a significant increase in glucose, ALT, GGT, TP, globulin. A significant decrease in percentage of body weight gain and A/G ratio were also detected . It has been detected that Sulpiride drug ameliorated most of these parameters. Concerning the histological and histochemical studies sulpiride treatment showed no detectable changes in the liver tissues with exception of increased lymphocytes. Exposure to noise showed many dystrophic change in tissue, but drug treatment improved all the previous changes and this indicates the protective effect of sulpiride against noise exposure
Conclusion: it is useful to use sulpiride drug in people who expose to noise stress
ABSTRACT
The current study aimed to clarify hazardous effect of ponceau 4R as food colour on rats and the effect of vitamin E as an antioxidant to prevent its toxic effect. Fourty premature growing male albino rats were divided into four groups, the first served as control group, the second supplemented with vitamin E [150 mg/kg],the third treated with ponceau 4R[0.19 mg/kg] and fourth treated with ponceau 4R[0.19 mg/kg] and vitamin E [150 mg/kg]. Half of each group was treated for 3 m, the other half was treated for 6 months. Rats treated with ponceau 4R showed highly significant decrease [P<0.01] in serum total lipids, proteins, albumin levels and cholinesterase activity throughout the experimental period, while recorded a significant decrease [P<0.05] in glucose level till the end of the experiment and in globulin level and A/G ratio after 3 months of treatment only. On the other hand, significant increase was detected in total cholesterol level [P < .01] and AST activity [P < .05] after both periods of treatment, while ALT activity showed insignificant change. It seams from the presents study that vitamin E has protective effect against the side effect of ponceau 4R on rats
ABSTRACT
The present study was carried out on eighty adult male albino rats [120 +/- 20gm b.wt]. They were randomly divided into eight groups. First group conserved as control group. The others groups received alloxan to become diabetic. The second group conserved as diabetic, the third group treated with a mixture of plants [0.5gm/120gm b.wt].From the fourth to eight group, the rats treated with Nigella sativa [0.25gm/120gm b.wt], Aloe vera, Ferulaassa-foetid, Boswellia Carterii Birdw and Commiphora myrrha respectively [0.5gm/120gm b.wt.]. Our result showed that the body weight was reduced significantly in diabetic group and Nigella sativa treated group. On the other hand, treatment with commiphora myrrha revealed significant increase in body weight gain, while mixture and Aloe vera treated rats recorded insignificant change. Diabetic rats revealed a significant decrease in serum glucose and DHEA-S levels and liver glycogen content, while insignificant difference was recorded in all treated groups. A significant decrease in serum insulin level was observed in diabetic group, Nigella sativa and Ferula assa-foetida treated groups, but insignificant different was recorded in the rest treated groups throughout the experiment. A significant increase in LDH activities in diabetic and Ferula assa-foetida treated groups was recorded while rest treated groups recorded insignificant change During experimental period
ABSTRACT
Most children, in the age of nursery consume food that contains both colorants and preservatives with great amount. This observation led us to study the interaction between sodium nitrite as a food preservative and sun set yellow as a coloring agent. The mixture of the two agents at the limited dose of each was found to be a lethal dose. So, 1/10th of this dose was used daily for 30 days. Animals were divided into three groups. The first group served as a control, while the second group was orally administered a mixture of 10 mg sod.nitrite [NaNO3]/kg mixed with 0.5 mg/kg/day sun set yellow [S.S.Y]. The third group received garlic [5 mcg/kg] in addition to the above mentioned mixture. After 30 days of treatment, half of the animals from each group were decapitated. The other half of the animals was left for another 15 days without any additional treatment as a recovery period. Ingestion of the mixture of [NaNO3 and S.S.Y] significantly decreased rat body weight, RBCs and WBCs counts, Hb%, Hct%. No changes were recorded for organ/ body weight, respiratory rate, heart rate, rectal temperature. A complete recovery from the abnormalities of most physiological and hematological parameters was observed after the recovery period or when garlic was administered
ABSTRACT
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus [SLE] is an autoimmune disease commonly occurs in of childbearing age, with connective tissue inflammation particularly joints and causes characteristic rashes
Subjects and Methods: the present study includs30 premenopausal females, they were divided into 3 groups. Group I consists o ten premenopausal females without SLE, Group II include ten premenopausal females had SLE,disease duration less than three years, Group III include ten premenopausal females had SLE, disease duration more than three years. Bone mineral density [BMD] in the heel of right foot by Achilles Express in all groups had been performed. Estimation of the serum level of Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulphate [DHEA-S] hormone and serum level of calcium, phosphorous, sodium and potassium
Results: the results of the present study showed that in group II the BMD was 10% with osteoporotic, 40% with osteopenic and 50% with normal BMD, group III the BMD was 10% with osteoporotic, 60% with osteopenic and 30% with normal BMD. The correlations were done between BMD and serum minerals calcium, phosphorous, sodium and potassium in SLE patients [Group II and III]. Statistically high significant increase was found among osteopenic versus control women. Moreover a significant increase of serum calcium and sodium while there was a significant decrease in serum DHEA-S, phosphorous and potassium
Conclusions: there is a relationship between level of DHEA and the progression of SLE. Moreover there is relation between the decline in serum levels of DHEA-S and phosphorous, and the elevation of serum levels of calcium and the occurrence of osteoporosis in SLE. Treatment with DHE is beneficial in controlling of the disease activity in LES patients
ABSTRACT
The present study aimed to clarify the effect of aqueous extracts of five plants [Nigella sativa, Aloe vera, Ferula assafoetida, Boswellia carterii Birdw and Commiphora myrrha] and their mixture on liver and kidney functions and protein profiles. Eighty adult male albino rats were divided into eight groups, the first served as control group, other groups were injected with alloxan [120mg/kg b.wt]. The second group served as diabetic rats, the third were treated with a mixture [0.1g/100g b.wt], the fourth was treated with Nigella sativa [0.1g/100g b.wt], the fifth was treated with Aloe vera [0.05 g/100g b.wt], the sixth was treated with Ferula assafoetida [0.1g/100g b.wt], the seventh was treated with Boswellia carterri Birdw [0.1g/100g b.wt] and the eighth group was treated with Commiphora myrrha [0.05 g/100g b.wt]. After thirty days of treatment half of each group was decapitated and the other one was left for 15 days without any additional treatment as recovery period to followup their hazards if present. The results revealed highly significant increase [p<0.01] in serum transaminases [aspartate [AST] and alanine [ALT]], alkaline phosphates [ALP], total bilirubin, urea and creatinine and recorded highly significant decrease [p<0.01] in serum total protein, albumin and globulin concentrations in the diabetic group when compared with normal rates. Otherwise, all plants extracts treated groups showed insignificant changes in the previous parameters when compared with control one. It seams, therefore that the water extracts of these plants and their mixture have protective effect against the side effects of alloxan on liver and kidney
ABSTRACT
Children usually eat and drink food containing both food preservatives, as sodium nitrite and food colourants, as sunset yellow [S.S.Y] at the same time. The mixture of the two agents at the limited dose of each was found to be lethal. 1/10th of this dose was used daily for 30 days. Animals were divided into three groups. The first served as a control, while the second was orally administered a mixture of sodium nitrite [NaNO3] and S.S.Y. The third received garlic in addition to the above mixture. Half of the animals from each group were decapitated after 30 days of treatment, while the other half was left for another 15 days for recovery. Investigation of the mixture of sod.nitrite and S.S.Y significantly decreases protein and albumin. Significant increases were observed in cholesterol, gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase [GGT], alkaline phosphatase [AP], lactate dehydrogenase [LDH] and creatine phosphokinase [CPK]. No change was observed for Total protein, Triglyceride, aspartate aminotransferase [AST], alanine aminotransferase [ALT] and acid phosphatase [AcP] recorded
A complete recovery from the abnormalities of most biochemical parameters was observed after the recovery period or when garlic was administered. This draws attention to the dangers of interactions of such preservatives and colourants. The present study showed that even the permitted doses of colourants and food preservatives may be harmful. And illustrate that usage of garlic may ameliorate some of the expected hazards of food additions
ABSTRACT
The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of some antidiabetic plants on the hematological parameters in aloxan induced diabetes in albino rats
Eighty adult albino rats [120- +/- 20 gm b.wt] were randomly divided into eight groups ten on each group, the first group conserved as control group. The remaining rats were injected with alloxan to induce diabetes. The second group conserved as diabetic group. The third group was diabetic rats treated with a mixture consists of Nigella Sativa, Aloe Vera, Ferula assa-foetida , Boswelli Carteri, Commiphora Myrrha. [0.1ml/100gm b.wt]
Fourth group treated with 0.1ml/100gm b.w of Nigella Sativa, Fifth group treated with 0.05ml/100gm b.w of Aloe Vera,Sixth group treated with 0.1ml/100gm b.w of Ferula assa-foetida, Seventh group treated with 0.1ml/100gm b.w of Boswelli Carteri, Eighth group treated with 0.1ml/100gm b.w of Commiphora Myrrha. Haematological parameters includes: red blood cell count [RBCs], hemoglobin concentration [Hb], hematocrit value [Hct%], total and differential white blood cell cont [WBCs] were done after 30 days of treatment and after 15 days of recovery period
The result of RBCs count, Hb concentration and Hct value were significantly decreased in diabetic, Nigella Sativa and Aloe Vera treated groups, throughout the experiment, except Aloe Vera treated group showed insignificant change after the recovery period.while insignificant changes was recorded in the remnant groups during the experimental period
WBCs count, lymphocyte and neutrophil percentage were highly significant increased in diabetic and Ferula assa-foetida treated rats after treatment and recovery periods. While insignificant differences were observed in the other treated groups. Moreover, no significant changes were recorded in eosinophils and monocytes in all groups throughout the study period
Diabetes mellitus in experimental animal can be treated with some plants which have antidiabetic effect, the present investigation was designed to illustrate any hazard effect of these plants on some hematological parameter. Further investigations on each plant and their mixture are needed to role out its effect on both diabetes and the vital parameters
ABSTRACT
In the current study, thirty male adult albino rats were used to investigate the effect of Boswellia Carterii Birdw [BCB] on carbohydrate metabolism in alloxan-induced diabetes. Rats were divided into three equal groups, control, diabetic non treated and diabetic BCB treated groups. After thirty days of treatment five rats of each group were sacrificed and the others were left without any additional treatment for another 15 days [recovery period] then were sacrificed. The body weight of each rat was determined at the beginning and the end of each period. Blood glucose, serum insulin and liver glycogen were determined for each rat at the end of each period. It was noticed that B.C.B treatment led to a significant improve in the decreased body weight, hyperglycemia, hypoinsulinemia, decreased liver glycogen caused by alloxan. And this improvement was also seen after the recovery period. B.C.B treatment led also to marked improvement in the histopathological degenerative changes in the beta cells of islets of Langerhans caused by alloxan after both the treated and recovery periods
ABSTRACT
The present study aimed to clarify the antidiabetic activity of Commiphora myrrha [CM] aqueous extract on thirty adult male albino rats, which were divided into two groups; the first served as a control group, the second was injected with alloxan [120mg/Kg body weight] and divided into two subgroups the first served as diabetic group, the second treated with [CM] water extract [0.05mg/100 gm bwt]. After 30 days of the treatment half of each group was sacrificed and the other half was left for other 15 days without any additional treatment [recovery period]. Our results revealed highly significant decrease [p< 0.01] in blood glucose level and highly significant increase in body weight of the diabetic rats with different histological changes in cells of islets of Langerhans. These histological and physiological changes were ameliorated in rats treated with CM. Water extract of CM has a definite hypoglycemic, hyperinsulinimic effect, on the other hand, a significant increase in body weight, beta cell number and liver glycogen contents were achieved. The results of the present study clarify the role of CM as an active antidiabetic plant and suggest a relationship between drenching CM extract and insulin production. Other of investigations want be done to detect effects of different doses and time intervals of CM in diabetic animals
ABSTRACT
In the current study, thirty adult male albino rats were used to investigate the effect of Ferula assafoetida on carbohydrate metabolism in alloxan-induced diabetes. Rats were divided into three equal groups, control, diabetic non-treated and diabetic Ferula assafoetida treated groups. After thirty days of treatment five rats of each group were sacrificed and the others were left without any additional treatment for another 15 days [recovery period] then were sacrificed. Body weight, blood glucose, serum insulin and liver glycogen content levels were determined for each rat at the end of each period. It was noticed that Ferula assafoetida treatment led to a significant improve in hyperglycemia, hypoinsulinemia, decreased liver glycogen and increased percentage of body weight change caused by alloxan. And this improvement was also seen after the recovery period. Ferula assafoetida treatment led also to marked improvement in the histopathological degenerative changes in the beta cells of islets of Langerhans caused by alloxan after both the treated and recovery periods
ABSTRACT
It has been noticed that there is an increase in the number of women suffering from SLE. Most studies confirmed that serum DHEA [dehydroepiandrosterone] and DHEA sulphate are lower among patients with SLE than among controls even- during phases of inactive disease so we performed this study to detect the level of DHEA-S in the female patients with SLE. The overall results confirm that DHEA treatment was well- tolerated, significantly reduced the number of SLE flares, and improved patients global assessment of disease activity. Some serum parameters like liver and kidney functions were detected. Biochemical analysis showed that there is a significant increase of total lipids, cholestrol, triglycerides. But insignificant change in serum glucose, urea nitrogen and uric acid levels were recorded. From the present study three things were concluded. Firstly, there is a strong relationship between level of DHEA and the progression of SLE. Secondly, liver activity and kidney functions were not affected by SLE disease.Thirdly, DHEA treatment has a beneficial effect on female patients. So this study recommended to follow up DHEAS in female patients and use it in a proper dosage. In addition, further study must be done